Analysis of Chloroplast Phosphatidylglycerol Biosynthesis

Lifeasible is committed to the development and research of chloroplast engineering. With years of experience in chloroplast lipidomics, With years of experience in chloroplast lipidomics, we are able to provide analysis of chloroplast phosphatidylglycerol biosynthesis services to study the biochemical and physiological functions of phosphatidylglycerol in higher plants, precisely meeting customer requirements.

Introduction

Phosphatidylglycerol (PG) is a ubiquitous anionic phospholipid that constitutes the biological membranes of animals, plants and microorganisms. In higher plants, PG is synthesized by the CDP-DAG (activated lipid backbone) pathway in three subcellular compartments, including the chloroplast, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria. In the chloroplasts of plants that perform aerobic photosynthesis, most PG are present in the thylakoid membrane. Over the years, researchers have investigated many of the biological functions of phosphatidylglycerol. Genetic, biochemical and structural studies of photosynthetic organisms have shown that phosphatidylglycerol plays an important role in photosynthetic transport of electrons, chloroplast development and low temperature tolerance. The biosynthesis of phosphatidylglycerol represents the central pathway of lipid metabolism in all organisms and has broad research significance.

Fig. 1. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) and Phosphatidylglycerol (PG) are synthesized in chloroplasts. (Hölzl G, et al., 2019)

Customized Services

Phosphatidylglycerol is the only phospholipid found in thylakoid membranes. When phosphate supply is limited during growth, complementary regulation between PG and sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG) levels maintains the negative charge at the lipid and water layer interfaces, thus playing an important role in thylakoid membrane photosynthesis. Lifeasible is committed to the analysis of chloroplast phosphatidylglycerol biosynthesis, providing a powerful molecular tool for analyzing the function of PG in photosynthetic organisms. We used advanced biochemical and molecular genetics methods to analyze the role of PG in photosynthetic organisms and isolated several mutants defective in PG biosynthesis from bacterial, yeast, and mammalian cells. In addition, we help you identify the enzymes and genes required for PG biosynthesis in higher plants, thereby identifying the basic pathway for PG synthesis.

Based on Arabidopsis pgp1 knockout mutants, our engineers provide fully customized services from screening pgp1 knockout mutants, RNA analysis to lipid analysis. The primary research goals of our biosynthesis of phosphatidylglycerol service are:

· Analysis of the electron transport effect of PG in PSⅡ.
· Analysis of the effect of the interaction of the negative charge on PG with the N-terminal region of LHCⅡ apolipoprotein on trimerization of the LHCⅡ complex.
· Analysis of the role of PG in chloroplast growth and development.
· Analysis of the necessity of PG in the assembly and stabilization of the photosynthetic machinery.

Applications

• Providing a powerful molecular tool to analyze the function of PGs in photosynthetic organisms.
• An alternative mechanism for PgsA-independent PG synthesis in E. coli was identified using genetic, biochemical, and high-sensitivity mass spectrometry.
• Providing supporting information for studying the mechanism of phosphatidylglycerol (PG) biosynthesis catalyzed by PGP1 and PGP2-encoded phosphatidylglycerophosphate (PGP) synthases in Arabidopsis.

Lifeasible is committed to developing a variety of cutting-edge technologies to help customers analyze the role of chloroplast lipids in chloroplast biosynthesis and photosynthetic function. We are proud to regulate plant growth and development, as well as control their pests, through chloroplast protein modifications. If you are interested in our services, please do not hesitate to contact us for more information.

References

1. Hagio M, Sakurai I, Sato S, et al. (2002) Phosphatidylglycerol is essential for the development of thylakoid membranes in Arabidopsis thaliana[J]. Plant and cell physiology. 43(12): 1456-1464.
2. Hölzl G, Dörmann P. (2019) Chloroplast lipids and their biosynthesis[J]. Annual Review of Plant Biology. 70: 51-81.